Flying J Petroleum Refinery
Salt Lake City, Utah
In August 1998, the Flying J Petroleum Refinery, located in Salt Lake City,
Utah, replaced its hot lime softener, which removes hardness and alkalinity from
boiler feeder water, with a reverse osmosis unit. Project benefits include lower
energy costs from reduced boiler blowdown requirements, lower maintenance costs
from eliminated lime slurry handling requirements, and reduced waste disposal
costs because no lime is discarded. The project was implemented at a total cost
of approximately $350,000. Annual net savings have reached approximately
$200,000, resulting in a 1.75 year payback period.
Flying
J processes 25,000 barrels per day of crude oil. Minerals that occur naturally
in the Salt Lake City municipal water supply, such as calcium, magnesium, and
silica, tend to precipitate out in the refinery's steam boilers, resulting in
tube fouling that significantly reduces boiler efficiency and run length.
The hot lime softener was used to remove these minerals and maintain
efficient boiler operation. Flying J had been looking to replace the hot lime
softening process since the late 1980s, to both reduce costs and increase system
reliability. In late 1995 they decided on reverse osmosis technology, and worked
with Culligan International to design and build the unit. The city water used in
the refining process is now filtered at the molecular level before entering the
refinery boilers.
The
reverse osmosis unit began operating in August 1998, with an implementation cost
of approximately $350,000. The most significant benefit of the replacement
project has been the reduction in boiler blowdown, a process whereby water is
discharged from the boiler to a sewer to avoid the negative impacts of dissolved
solids on boiler efficiency and maintenance. Blowdown wastes energy since the
discharged water is at about the same temperature as the steam produced by the
boiler. Boiler fuel consumption costs have been reduced by nearly $165,000 per
year. Additional savings from reduced needs for boiler treatment chemicals,
maintenance, and waste disposal push total net savings to approximately $200,000
per year, resulting in a payback period of 1.75 years. The reverse osmosis unit
has proven to be more reliable and require less operator attention than the hot
lime softener. |